A load bank is an essential device in power distribution systems. It applies an electrical load to a power source such as a generator or backup power system. It is critical in testing, maintaining, and supporting power infrastructure, ensuring equipment performs reliably under real-world conditions.
There are four primary types of load banks, each designed for different applications and testing requirements:
These are the most widely used types for generator testing and emergency power systems. Resistive load banks apply a balanced load to the power source and engine, helping evaluate generator performance across its operating range. They are ideal for routine commercial, industrial, and institutional testing.
Inductive load banks simulate a lagging power factor (typically 75% of the total kW resistive load). They are used to test complete power systems, including generators, voltage regulation equipment, and automatic or manual transfer switches, offering more realistic load conditions for motors, transformers, and other inductive components.
Capacitive load banks simulate a leading power factor, making them suitable for environments with non-linear loads, such as data centres, telecom hubs, and advanced computing systems. These loads differ from inductive ones and require unique testing to ensure system stability under varying load conditions.
Electronic load banks deliver programmable and precise power output, making them ideal for circuit-specific or high-voltage testing. They are commonly used in R&D environments, high-voltage circuit breaker testing, and facilities requiring granular power control for diagnostics.
Load bank testing is crucial for verifying that diesel generators, standby power systems, and power transfer equipment can perform reliably when called upon. Testing with a load bank ensures systems operate under load conditions similar to real emergencies — rather than simply idling or no-load testing.
According to industry best practices and codes, diesel generators that do not regularly operate at 30% or more of their nameplate rating should undergo annual EPSS (Emergency Power Supply System) testing using a resistive or artificial load bank. This helps prevent wet stacking, protects engine components, and ensures compliance with NFPA 110 and similar emergency power standards.
Choosing the right load bank type depends on your facility’s infrastructure, power profile, and compliance needs. Partnering with a trusted power distribution expert helps ensure your system is tested accurately, maintained safely, and performs reliably under emergency conditions.
While Foxfab does not sell or rent load banks, we enable safe and code-compliant testing through our industry-leading Load Bank Connection Cabinets, which are ETL Listed to UL1008, IBC Seismic Certified, and rated for up to 4000A.
📩 Need a dedicated connection point for safer load bank testing?
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